![]() Discuss the fees associated with your prescribed procedure with your doctor, the medical facility staff and/or your insurance provider to get a better understanding of the possible charges you will incur. The costs for specific medical imaging tests, treatments and procedures may vary by geographic region. This website does not provide cost information. To locate a medical imaging or radiation oncology provider in your community, you can search the ACR-accredited facilities database. Please contact your physician with specific medical questions or for a referral to a radiologist or other physician. This information originally appeared in the Journal of the American College of Radiology. By Susan Anemone and Bruno Policeni, MD, MBA. ![]() If x-rays show hardening of the connecting fibers of the neck vertebrae, CT without contrast is usually appropriate CT myelography or MRI without contrast may be appropriate. CT without contrast or CT myelography may be appropriate. If x-rays show degenerative changes, MRI without contrast is usually appropriate. In chronic neck pain, x-rays are usually appropriate as initial imaging. With headaches originating in the c-spine without weakened nerve function, MRI or CT without contrast may be appropriate, as well as x-rays or nerve block injection. In individuals with cancerous tumors, MRI without and with or only without contrast is usually appropriate x-rays, CT with or without contrast, MRI with contrast, or bone scan or CT may also be appropriate. If infection is suspected, MRI without and with contrast is usually appropriate x-rays, CT, or MRI with or without contrast may be appropriate. If there is history of prior c-spine surgery, x-rays or CT without contrast is usually appropriate MRI with or without contrast (or both) or CT myelography (contrast injection in space around spinal cord) may be appropriate. In cases with spinal nerve irritation (pinched nerve), MRI without contrast is usually appropriate, and x-rays or CT without contrast may be appropriate. In individuals with new or increasing nontraumatic neck pain (no high-risk factors), x-rays are usually appropriate as first imaging test MRI or CT without contrast may be appropriate. This chapter also deals with congenital anomalies, which can go on to present in adulthood but often first present in the pediatric age group.Appropriate cervical spine (c-spine) imaging and use of intravenous contrast (venous dye) for neck pain varies depending on clinical scenario. The most problematic of these occur in the second cervical vertebra and will be addressed later. If one is not familiar with these synchondroses, one may erroneously misdiagnose them for fractures. In the spine, synchondroses serve the same function. 1, 2 Furthermore, the skeleton still is growing in children, and to accommodate this in the extra-axial skeleton, epiphyseal plates are present. As a result, many findings in infants and young children that would be considered abnormal in adults are normal. ![]() In addition, in the growing child especially the infant and young child, because of natural ligament laxity, hypermobility of the cervical spine abounds. It will not deal with all cervical spine fractures for many of them are no different than seen in adults. This chapter deals with trauma of the cervical spine in infants and children and how things differ from adults.
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